The L-shell tungsten ions have been studied at electron-beam energies of up to 122 keV and transition energies measured in more » Ne-like W 64+ through Li-like W 71+. The EBIT measurements are complemented by spectral modeling using the Flexible Atomic Code (FAC), and predictions for tokamak spectra are presented. Special attention is given to the Ni-like W46+ ion, which has two strong electric-dipole forbidden transitions that are of interest for plasma diagnostics. In particular, wavelengths of n = 0 M-shell transitions in K-like W 55+ through Ne-like W 64+, and intershell transitions in Zn-like W 44+ through Co-like W 47+ have been measured. The emitted spectra have been studied in high resolution using crystal, grating, and x-ray calorimeter spectrometers. Here, the EBIT-I and SuperEBIT electron beam ion traps have been employed to create, trap, and excite tungsten ions of M- and L-shell charge states. The work details spectroscopic investigations of highly charged tungsten ions measured at the Livermore electron beam ion trap (EBIT) facility. These heavy ions are of interest in relativistic atomic structure theory, where high-precision wavelength measurements benchmark theoretical approaches, and in magnetic fusion research, where the ions may serve to diagnose high-temperature plasmas. The spectra of highly charged tungsten ions have been investigated using x-ray and extreme ultraviolet spectroscopy.
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